![]() 4 Fetal skin is non-keratinized until 22 weeks, which allows amniotic fluid to pass through it easily. Therefore, this supports the concept that early amniotic fluid is a transudate of maternal plasma across the fetal skin and placental surfaces. In early pregnancy, amniotic fluid has the same osmolality as maternal plasma. investigated water exchange between the maternal, fetal, and placental compartments and found that exchange increases as gestation progresses and placental size increases. AMNIOTIC FLUID PHYSIOLOGYĪmniotic fluid dynamics have been described as a three-compartment system since the 1950s. This chapter reviews amniotic fluid dynamics, normal amniotic fluid volumes, ultrasound assessment of amniotic fluid, and amniotic fluid disorders. ![]() Assessment of amniotic fluid with transabdominal ultrasound has become part of routine obstetric practice to guide pregnancy management. ![]() Disorders of amniotic fluid volume have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and may be due to maternal, fetal, or placental issues. 1, 2 Amniotic fluid volumes are regulated with delicate balance between the maternal, fetal, and placental systems while providing an indirect measure of fetal well-being. Amniotic fluid is usually sterile until the onset of labor, and contains bacteriostatic properties to protect the fetus from infection. See end of chapter for details INTRODUCTIONĪmniotic fluid is essential for growth and well-being, serving as protection for the developing fetus. By completing 4 multiple-choice questions (randomly selected) after studying this chapter readers can qualify for Continuing Professional Development awards from FIGO plus a Study Completion Certificate from GLOWM
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